The Australian Curriculum: The Arts

Students learning music listen, perform and compose. They learn about the elements of music comprising rhythm, pitch, dynamics and expression, form and structure, timbre and texture. Aural skills, or ear training, are the particular listening skills students develop to identify and interpret the elements of music. Aural skills development is essential for making and responding to a range of music while listening, composing, and performing. Learning through Music is a continuous and sequential process, enabling the acquisition, development and revisiting of skills and knowledge with increasing depth and complexity.
Making in Music involves active listening, imitating, improvising, composing, arranging, conducting, singing, playing, comparing and contrasting, refining, interpreting, recording and notating, practising, rehearsing, presenting and performing.
Responding in Music involves students being audience members listening to, enjoying, reflecting, analysing, appreciating and evaluating their own and others’ musical works.
Both Making and Responding involve developing aural understanding of the elements of music through experiences in listening, performing and composing.
(http://www.australiancurriculum.edu.au/thearts/learning-in-music)